Answer Well I haven't been in high school in a long time and most people stop using labels in their early to mid twenties. But I do remember the high school labels well, lol. After you realize that they are basically just an almost tribal method of accepting and discriminating against others without any real basis on character you stop using them.
Anyway, here is a list of high school stereotypes I remember and my completely shallow, unfair, judgmental, and superficial definitions of them.
Prep: Usually some type of clothing label whore, will often wear clothing that is considered chique, listens to top 40s pop and rock
music, very concerned with the opinions of peers and popular people in general, not very capable of having an intellectually stimulating conversation, known for having bad (or at least bland) tastes in movies, music, television shows, etc., very judgmental towards people they consider inferior (goths, punks, nerd, etc.)
Nerd: Usually quiet, known for having a bizarre sense of humor, typically obsessed with some sort of niche entertainment medium (comics, computers, anime, drama, band, etc.), usually do well in school, have explosive anger problems when pushed (nerd rage), not popular with opposite (or same) sex, usually don't particularly care about fashion, socially awkward, dislike most sports.
Jock: Typically makes satisfactory grades, obsessed with image, known for getting away with a bit more than the average student, popular, total douche-bags, however they are generally pleasant, very active in dating (or whatever those two week mini-relationships are called), listen to very cliche power rock, have strict parents
Emo: generally think that the whole world is against them and/or there is no point in existence, depressed, find extreme ways of expressing themselves (hair, accessories, art, etc.), listen to bands that deal in depressing and bleak subject matter and fail to realize that those bands are so rich that they probably have no real problems and are just trying to sell records to poor depressed kids (linkin park, afi, boxcar racer, etc), purchases clothing from hot topic, dislikes authority figures, many parallels with "nerds", reclusive, typically have very "normal" home lives
Punk: Very outspoken, listens to a mix of semi-undeground punk/rockabilly/ska (addicts, operation ivy, tiger army, black flag, all, etc.), have a strong leaning toward a certain political position but usually can't defend/debate their possition very well, generally loaths hot topic, are quick to call others "poser", strongly dislike pop-punk bands (greenday, Blink 182, rise against, etc) although most punks will admit to liking at least one, into various counter-culture things (tattoos, facial piercings, veganism, extreme hairstyles, etc) solely for the sake of trying to upset the status quo, purchase most of clothing from concerts or internet, typically get involved in hard drugs at some point, more than likely in a band or trying to start a band
Goth: Usually snarky, generally angry, socially awkward, obsessed with anything that has a slight macabre asthetic, listens to a mix of synth-heavy music (industrial, neo-goth, 80s mix, Edm, etc), most likely smokes, expresses self through clothing/art, generally have a bleak outlook, however it is much less bleak that with the "emo" kid, might have a strange obsession with a slightly macabre book/movie like twilight or things related to tim burton or vasquez, usually buys cloths online or makes them, dresses similar to the emo kid but a bit more elaborate
Indie kid: Likes any type of music, film, fashion, etc. that is "indie" (being on an independant label), dislikes almost anything that could be considered mainstream, most likely involved in music or art, looks down on most popular people, generally aloof and carefree, inflated ego, strongly dislike being labeled, being an indie kid is the first step to becomeing a full on hipster (google it), because what is considered indie or unerground changes with the seasons it is hard to desscribe how they dress, most likely slightly frumpy
That one person everyone seems to like that doesn't really fit into a catagory: Everyone likes this person, he/she isn't really bothered by a whole lot of anything, usually into a wide variety of things and tries (often successfully) to get along with everyone, dresses moderately and usually has a good sense of humor, probably a bit conservative (against smoking, drinking, etc.)
Thug: listens exclusively to rap/hip hop or Hardcore/metal, tries to show peers how "hard" he is and is known for acting tough and fearless, tries often to intimidate others, is constantly trying to impress others, most likely is into something really nerdy or dangerous to image but fears telling others, bad self esteem, strong chance of failing at life in general but at least they got to be a tough guy in high school right?, could turn into one of the other steriotypes at any moment
Hope this is helpful. I'll add more later when I think of someting, but this is what's at the top of my head. Like I said earlier, these labels cease to be relevant after highschool for the most part and are completely obsolete after college. Hope your project turns out well!